Intambara ya Sudan: 'Ingene nakijije igitari canje gitukura intambara ishushe muri Khartoum'

Wewe uhunze ngo unyage amagara, mu gihe intambara iriko irabica bigacika, wohungana iki?

Impuzu, aho nta nkeka, impapuro ngirakamaro cane hamwe kumbure n’ifoto, canke akandi kantu kose wumva utosiga inyuma, nivyo wosanga ku rutonde rw’abantu benshi.

Ariko ku munya-Sudan y’Epfo Joseph Matiang cabaye igitari gitukura kiyagayaga kiri mw’isandugu yaco yirabura.

Uwo muhungu w’imyaka 22 aherutse guhunga intureka zo ku murwa mukuru wa Sudan, Khartoum, asubira mu gihugu ciwe n’umuryango wiwe inyuma y’imyaka cumi. Ubu ari mw’ikambi mfatakibanza mu gisagara ca Renk co muri Sudan y’Epfo ku birometero 45 uvuye ku mupaka.

Igicurarangisho c’umuziki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso c’umwizero mu gihe ibindi biriko birasamburwa: iciyumviro c’uko ivyo umuntu ashobora kwiyumvira gutunganya bishobora gusumba ububisha.

Ariko ku bw’umunyamuziki akaba n’umunywanyi w’umugwi w’umuziki Matiang ni uko ico gitari arico cabaye hafi kandi coroshe gutwara, ntiyagihisemwo kubera amarangamutima muri ivyo bihe vy’uruhagarara imbere y’uko bahunga urugo rwabo.

”Nahitanye ico gitari kuko nico cari hafi yanje [igihe nari ngiye] ibindi vyari kure yanje. Inanga (keyboard) narayizize kuko yari iremereye cane.” niko avuga.

Aho bitangarije, Matiang, n’aho ari umuririmvyi, ntazi kuvuza ico gitari ubwiwe, ariko yakiguze amafaranga ya Sudan 25.000 (ni ama dorari 41) nk’umutahe wo mu mugwi wiwe wa Kuenyipuoua, bisigura ”kwiyumvira mu mutima wawe” mu rurimu rw’iki-Dinka. Ni umugwi w’abantu 37 ugizwe n’abaririmvyi, abavuza ibitari, abavuza inanga hamwe n’abavuza ingoma.

Abo bagabo baraciye amafaranga makeya mu guteramisha abantu baturuka muri Sudan y’Epfo basanzwe ari benshi i Khartoum.

Bose ni abagabo bakiri bato, nka Matiang, bahunze bagana uburaruko igihe intambara yaduka muri Sudan y’Epfo mu 2013 hanyuma ikongera mu 2016.

Benshi muri bo ubu baratatanijwe n’intambara, indwi bonyene nibo bazwi ko bashoboye gusubira muri Sudan y’Epfo.

Urugendo rwo kuva i Khartoum uja Renk ku bisanzwe rutwara amasaha atandatu mw’ibarabara ryiza, Matiang n’umuryango wiwe rwabafashe iminsi myinshi kuko bagenda baraca kuri bariyeri nyinshi.

Abantu bafise ibigwanisho bakoresha izo bariyeri kugira basuzume ko ata bansi bitwaje ibigwanisho barimwo, ariko kandi kakaba ari akaryo ko gusahura ivyo abahaciye baba bafise.

”Nahaye ico gitari mama wanje kuko batagora abageze mu zabukuru. Ibindi vyose baratwaye. Nta n’umwe yabaza ico gitari,” niko Matiang avuga, asigura ingene ico gitari carusimvye mu gihe ibindi vyose vyahasigaye.

Aha amvugisha ari mw’ikambi yuzuye no ku bunwa yashinzwe gihutihuti ahahora kaminuza muri Renk. Ibihumbi n’ibihumbi vy’abanya-Sudan y’Epfo barahunze Khartoum mu mayinga aheze.

Ubibonye ubwa mbere ni ibintu bigoye kwemera.

Imiryango yarashinze uduhema dukozwe n’ibirimbi vy’ibiti n’impuzu z’ikinyafrika.

Abana n’abagore bicaye muri ico gitutu bikinze izuba rimena imbwa agahanga, hasi naho hashashe imikeka kw’isi igaragara. Ku mugoroba hari ababa bariko barateka icayi canke ifi, imboga canke ikindi cose bashoboye kuronka.

Abandi biseguye amasandugu n’ibirundo vy’ibintu bahunganye mu buruhe ntangere bw’urwo rugendo.

Muri abo mbonye Matiang -yambaye ishati y’ibara ryirabura n’iry’inzahabu n’ipantaro y’ikoboyi y’ubururu, ahegekeye isandugu y’igitari ku mugongo.

Amaze kunyereka ikirimwo, uwo baririmba hamwe, Bol Yel Ring w’imyaka 34, aciye yemera kuvuza igitari.

Buno nyene abantu benshi baciye begera kuraba no kwumviriza aho uwo mugabo acuraranga.

Amaze akanya ariko arakorakora umurya w’ico gitari, uwundi bari kumwe mu mugwi aciye atangura kuririmba.

Ashize mw’ijwi ati: ”Twebwe muri Sudan y’Epfo dufise itunga [kama] ryinshi, ariko turarisiga tukaja mu mahanga.

”Twasize abagore muri Sudan y’Epfo, hanyuma tuja kurondera akazi.”

Benshi mu bagize uwo mugwi bafashe ubuzi bwo kurima ku murango n’utundi tuzi two kwisumamwo kugira barondere ikibabeshaho nazo indirimbo bavuza, banditse bari i Khartoum, zuzuye amaganya no gukumbura iwabo.

“Indirimbo ya mbere twavugije, yerekeye ingorane twabonye, ingene turushe n’ingene tubayeho nabi cane. Nico gituma nafashe ingingo yo kuba umuririmvyi kugira nje ndavuga ibibazo mwene ibi”, uwo ni Bol Yel Ring abivuga.

Sudan y’Epfo yiyonkoye kuri Sudan mu 2011 inyuma y’imyaka mirongo y’intambara ya gisirikare n’ubutegetsi bwa Khartoum.

Ariko ata myaka myinshi iheze yaciye isubira mu ntureka zisubiriza mu gihe abari kw’isonga ry’ico gihugu ca mbere ca vuba kw’isi bagwana bapfa ubutegetsi bwa poritike n’amaronko bigendana.

Ku bwa ONU, abanya-Sudan y’Epfo barenga 800.000 barahungiye muri Sudan.

Benshi ubu bongeye gusubira guta izabo kubera iyo ntanmbara nshasha – ibiharuro vya vuba vyerekana ko abarenga 40.000 basubiye mu gihugu cabo.

Abakiri bato, nk’abo bo mu mugwi Kuenyipuoua, barakozweko cane n’izo ntureka ziguma zisubiriza.

”Baratakaje aho bakura uburaro n’uburamuko canke ibindi bari batunze ubwa mbere muri Sudan y’Epfo kubera indyane zo mu 2013 na 2016, ubu naho muri izo ntureka nshasha zo muri Sudan bongeye guhomba. Urumva bashegeshwe kabiri,” nk’uko bivugwa n’uwuharanira uburenganzira Edmund Yakani.

N’ubwo yiyonkoye kuri Sudan, poritike n’ubutunzi bwa Sudan y’Epfo ahanini biracagendera kuri ico gihugu kibanyi kinini kandi gitunze gusumba. Kandi ingaruka z’intambara mu buraruko zishobora kuba mbi cane kuruta mu mayinga no mu mezi ari imbere.

Aha muri Renk, no mu bindi bisagara vyo ku mupaka, abahaba bahanzwe no kwakira abantu bahunga baguma biyongera hamwe rero n’ubukene bw’ivya nkenerwa. Hafi buri kintu cose kigurishwa ngaha, kuva ku mazi kuja ku bitoro n’ingano cose kiva muri Sudan – intambara yarahagaritse ivyinjira.

Ku rugero rw’igihugu, hari ikibazo co kuramuka.

Hafi amafaranga yose ava hanze na 90% vy’amafaranga yinjiza ava mu gushora ibitoro bitayunguruye, navyo mu kugenda bitwarwa n’umuringoti uca muri Sudan. Intambara ituma iryo soko rigeramirwa cane.

Bishobora kuremera poritike yo muri iki gihugu kiriko kiragerageza kwivyukiranya kiva mu myaka myinshi y’intambara yo mu gihugu hagati.

Abihweza ibintu n’ibindi bavuga ko intambara yo muri Sudan ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku mwumvikano w’amahoro wo muri Sudan y’Epfo washizweko umukono mu 2018 inyuma y’imyaka y’intambara ivugwa ko yahitanye abantu nibura 400.000.

Imizi y’izi ntambara i Khartoum, Darfur n’izindi ntara za Sudan ishobora kurondererwa mu kwiyonkora kwa Sudan y’Epfo, aho yagiye itwaye bwinshi mu butunzi bw’ibitoro n’irindi tunga kama ryinshi.

Iryo niryo tunga Matiang na begenziwe baririmba, bafashijwe n’igitari yahunganye igihe intambara yari ishushe.

Abanyagihugu n’abanyaporitike mu bihugu vyompi n’ubu basa n’abahanzwe na rumwe – abagabo bafise ibigwanisho bashira mu kaga ivyifuzo vy’abanyagihugu, na cane cane abakiri bato.

Iyindi ndirimbo uwo mugwi uririmba yerekeye abakiri bato:

”Kura amaboko mu mpuzu muteze imbere igihugu canyu. Niba Imana yarabahaye igihugu ciza nk’iki, kandi mukaba mufise ubwigenge, dutegerezwa gufashanya.”

Ariko mu gihe inkoho ziriko zirasana, biragiye kwumva akamo k’igitari.