Intambara ya Ukraine: Russia irakangisha guhagarika gutanga gaz nimba itarishwe mu ma rouble
Vladimir Putin yashize umukono kw’itegeko ry’umukuru w’igihugu rivuga ko abagura gaz “bategerezwa kwuguruza ama konte mu mabanki y’Uburusiya” guhera ku wa gatanu.
“Nta n’umwe agurisha ikintu ku buntu, kandi ntitugiye gutanga ubugiraneza – bivuze ko, amasezerano ahasanzwe azohagarikwa,” nk’uko umukuru w’igihugu yabivuze.
Ivyo Putin ashaka bibonwa nk’uko ari ukugerageza kuvyura rouble, yakorowe cane n’ibihano vy’Uburaya na Amerika.
Itegeko ryiwe risigura ko abanyamahanga bagura gaz bategerezwa kwuguruza ama konte muri banki Gazprombank yo mu Burusiya hanyuma barungikeyo amafaranga mu ma dorari canke ama euro.
Gazprombank yoca ivunja ayo mafaranga mu ma rouble ariyo yoca akoreshwa mu kuriha iyo gaz.
N’ubwo iryo tegeko ryerekeye gas izogurishwa kuva ku wa gatanu (uyu munsi) kubandanya, iyo gaz ntizorihwa n’abanya-Buraya imbere yo hagati mu kwezi kwa gatanu, nk’uko Dr Jack Sharples, umushakashatsi mu kigo ca Oxford gikora ivyigwa ku masoko ntanganguvu (Oxford Institute for Energy Studies) yabibwiye itangazamakuru muza makungu.
Ivyo bisigura ko ata bwoba ko gaz igiye guhagarara kuboneka ubwo nyene.
Prezida Putin yavuze ko kuba hagiye gukoreshwa ama rouble ari kugirango hakomezwe ubwigenge bw’Uburusiya.
Ubudagi bwavuze ko ivyo Uburusiya buhinduye ari nk'”igikangisho”.
Kuva Uburusiya buteye Ukraine, ibihugu vy’iburengerazuba vyarafashe ibihano vy’ubutunzi n’ivyo urudandazwa ku Burusiya, ariko ishirahamwe rya Buraya nta bihano ryashize kuri gaz n’ibitoro, bitandukanye na Reta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Canada, kuko ibihugu birigize gaz nyinshi bikoresha iva mu Burusiya.
Ishirahamwe rya Buraya rivana mu Burusiya 40% ya gaz na 30% y’ibitoro kandi ntaho ryokura ivyobisubirira mu buryo bworoshe hamwe hogira igihungabana mu kuyihabwa. Hagati aho Uburusiya buronka miriyoni 400 z’ama euro buri munsi kuri gaz bugurisha muri iryo shirahamwe kandi ntibufise ingene bwohindukiza iyo gaz ngo buyishore ahandi.
Ubudagi na Autriche mu nteguro z’ibihe bikomeye
Ubudagi, bukura ica kabiri ga gaz n’ica gatatu c’ibitoro mu Burusia, cahamagariye abanyagihugu baco n’ama kompanyi y’ico gihugu kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ivyo bicanwa mu kwitegurira ko bishobora gukena.
Autriche nayo ivana 40% ya gaz mu Burusiya, yongereje inguvu mu gucungera ingene ikoreshwa hamwe no gukurikirana amasoko yayo.
Ku nteguro y’ibihe bigoye ihasanzwe, “intambwe ya mbere yo kugaba”, Ubudagi na Autriche vyompi vyamaze gutangura, n’imwe mu ntambwe zitatu zigamije gutegura igihugu guhangana n’ikena rishoboka ryo kuronka ivyo bicanwa. Mu ntambwe ya nyuma, reta zica zita zitangura kutanga gaz ku gipimo.
‘Ibintu bishobora gushika kure cane‘
Abaraba ibintu n’ibindi bavuga ko Uburusiya buhagaritse kurungika gaz mu bihugu vya Buraya mu “guhata ikibazo” vyoshikana ibintu “kure hatanashitswe no mu bihe bikomeye cane vy’intambara yo kurabana ay’ingwe (Cold War/Guerre Froide).
Abasesenguzi bo muri Fitch Solutions babona ko vyozana “izindi ngaruka mbi cane ku mafaranga y’Uburusiya”.
Ntibinagaragara neza kandi niba uburyo bushasha Ubususiya bushaka kurihwamwo bwotuma kuriha mu ma euro bica bivanwaho rwose.
Amakompanyi n’ama reta y’iburengerazuba yiyamirije ivyo Uburusiya busaba vyo kuriha gaz mu ma rouble nko guhonyanga amasezerano ahasanzwe, kuko avuga ko kuriha biba mu ma dorari canke ama euro.
Umushikiranganiji wa mbere w’Ubudagi Olaf Scholz yavuze ko amakompanyi yo mu Budagi azobandanya kuriha gaz y’Uburusiya mu ma euro nk’uko amasezerano abivuga.
Nathan Piper, umukuru w’ubushakashatsi ku bitoro na gaz muri Investec, yabwiye itangazamakuru muza makungu ko ingingo ya Putin ari ukugerageza nawe gushira igitutu ku bihugu vy’Uburaya kandi ko rouble rirondewe cane mu makungu vyoshobora guca biduza agaciro k’iryo faranga.
Ariko yongerako ati: “Uburusiya ku gihe kirekire bukeneye kuguma ari umwizerwa mu kugurisha gaz gutyo rero ntawomenya niba bwohagarika kurungika iyo gaz”.
Dr Sharples wo muri Oxford Institute for Energy Studies avuga ko impande zompi zishobora gutora uko zivyitwaramwo urudandazwa ntiruhagarare, canke rumwe muri izo mpande rushobora kuvuga ko amasezerano yahonyanzwe rugashikana ibintu kure.
“Ico umuntu yokwizera n’uko n’aho ibintu vyoshika kure aho rumwe canke impande zompi zisaba ko haba ukuzumvikanisha, gaz yoguma iza.
Ariko ko ishobora guhagarikwa navyo ntawovuga ko bidashoboka”, nk’uko abandanya abivuga.
